Music
Musical Score Symbols
Symbol | HTML | Name | Meaning |
♭ | ♭ | Flat | Reduce note frequency by half a tone |
♮ | ♮ | Natural | Note uses default frequency |
♯ | ♯ | Sharp | Increase note frequency by half a tone |
𝄞 | 𝄞 | Treble Clef | Bottom score line = E4 |
𝄢 | 𝄢 | Base Clef | Top score line = A3 |
𝄡 | 𝄡 | C Clef | Middle of clef indicates C4 |
𝅝 | 𝅝 | Semibreve | Full length note |
𝅗𝅥. | 𝅗𝅥. | Minim dot | 3/4 length note |
𝅗𝅥 | 𝅗𝅥 | Minim | 1/2 length note |
𝅘𝅥. | 𝅘𝅥. | Crotchet dot | 3/8 length note |
𝅘𝅥 | 𝅘𝅥 | Crotchet | 1/4 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅮. | 𝅘𝅥𝅮. | Quaver Dot | 3/16 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅮 | 𝅘𝅥𝅮 | Quaver | 1/8 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅯. | 𝅘𝅥𝅯. | Semi-Quaver Dot | 3/32 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅯 | 𝅘𝅥𝅯 | Semi-Quaver | 1/16 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅰. | 𝅘𝅥𝅰. | Demi-Semi-Quaver Dot | 3/64 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅰 | 𝅘𝅥𝅰 | Demi-Semi-Quaver | 1/32 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅱 | 𝅘𝅥𝅱 | Hemi-Demi-Semi-Quaver Dot | 1/64 length note |
𝅘𝅥𝅲 | 𝅘𝅥𝅲 | Semi-Hemi-Demi-Semi-Quaver Dot | 1/128 length note |
NOTE - Some browsers will not display the 6 digit HTML Symbols correctly
Notes and Frequencies

Note | Piano Key | MIDI Note | Frequency (Hz) |
C-1 | 0 | 8.18 | |
C#-1 | 1 | 8.66 | |
D-1 | 2 | 9.18 | |
D#-1 | 3 | 9.72 | |
E-1 | 4 | 10.30 | |
F-1 | 5 | 10.91 | |
F#-1 | 6 | 11.56 | |
G-1 | 7 | 12.25 | |
G#-1 | 8 | 12.98 | |
A-1 | 9 | 13.75 | |
A#-1 | 10 | 14.57 | |
B-1 | 11 | 15.43 | |
C0 | 12 | 16.35 | |
C#0 | 13 | 17.32 | |
D0 | 14 | 18.35 | |
D#0 | 15 | 19.45 | |
E0 | 16 | 20.60 | |
F0 | 17 | 21.83 | |
F#0 | 18 | 23.12 | |
G0 | 19 | 24.50 | |
G#0 | 20 | 25.96 | |
A0 | 1 | 21 | 27.50 |
A#0 | 2 | 22 | 29.14 |
B0 | 3 | 23 | 30.87 |
C1 | 4 | 24 | 32.70 |
C#1 | 5 | 25 | 34.65 |
D1 | 6 | 26 | 36.71 |
D#1 | 7 | 27 | 38.89 |
E1 | 8 | 28 | 41.20 |
F1 | 9 | 29 | 43.65 |
F#1 | 10 | 30 | 46.25 |
G1 | 11 | 31 | 49.00 |
G#1 | 12 | 32 | 51.91 |
A1 | 13 | 33 | 55.00 |
A#1 | 14 | 34 | 58.27 |
B1 | 15 | 35 | 61.74 |
C2 | 16 | 36 | 65.41 |
C#2 | 17 | 37 | 69.30 |
D2 | 18 | 38 | 73.42 |
D#2 | 19 | 39 | 77.78 |
E2 | 20 | 40 | 82.41 |
F2 | 21 | 41 | 87.31 |
F#2 | 22 | 42 | 92.50 |
G2 | 23 | 43 | 98.00 |
G#2 | 24 | 44 | 103.83 |
A2 | 25 | 45 | 110.00 |
A#2 | 26 | 46 | 116.54 |
B2 | 27 | 47 | 123.47 |
C3 | 28 | 48 | 130.81 |
C#3 | 29 | 49 | 138.59 |
D3 | 30 | 50 | 146.83 |
D#3 | 31 | 51 | 155.56 |
E3 | 32 | 52 | 164.81 |
F3 | 33 | 53 | 174.61 |
F#3 | 34 | 54 | 185.00 |
G3 | 35 | 55 | 196.00 |
G#3 | 36 | 56 | 207.65 |
A3 | 37 | 57 | 220.00 |
A#3 | 38 | 58 | 233.08 |
B3 | 39 | 59 | 246.94 |
C4 | 40 | 60 | 261.63 |
C#4 | 41 | 61 | 277.18 |
D4 | 42 | 62 | 293.66 |
D#4 | 43 | 63 | 311.13 |
E4 | 44 | 64 | 329.63 |
F4 | 45 | 65 | 349.23 |
F#4 | 46 | 66 | 369.99 |
G4 | 47 | 67 | 392.00 |
G#4 | 48 | 68 | 415.30 |
A4 | 49 | 69 | 440.00 |
A#4 | 50 | 70 | 466.16 |
B4 | 51 | 71 | 493.88 |
C5 | 52 | 72 | 523.25 |
C#5 | 53 | 73 | 554.37 |
D5 | 54 | 74 | 587.33 |
D#5 | 55 | 75 | 622.25 |
E5 | 56 | 76 | 659.26 |
F5 | 57 | 77 | 698.46 |
F#5 | 58 | 78 | 739.99 |
G5 | 59 | 79 | 783.99 |
G#5 | 60 | 80 | 830.61 |
A5 | 61 | 81 | 880.00 |
A#5 | 62 | 82 | 932.33 |
B5 | 63 | 83 | 987.77 |
C6 | 64 | 84 | 1046.5 |
C#6 | 65 | 85 | 1108.7 |
D6 | 66 | 86 | 1174.7 |
D#6 | 67 | 87 | 1244.5 |
E6 | 68 | 88 | 1318.5 |
F6 | 69 | 89 | 1396.9 |
F#6 | 70 | 90 | 1480.0 |
G6 | 71 | 91 | 1568.0 |
G#6 | 72 | 92 | 1661.2 |
A6 | 73 | 93 | 1760.0 |
A#6 | 74 | 94 | 1864.7 |
B6 | 75 | 95 | 1975.5 |
C7 | 76 | 96 | 2093.0 |
C#7 | 77 | 97 | 2217.5 |
D7 | 78 | 98 | 2349.3 |
D#7 | 79 | 99 | 2489.0 |
E7 | 80 | 100 | 2637.0 |
F7 | 81 | 101 | 2793.8 |
F#7 | 82 | 102 | 2960.0 |
G7 | 83 | 103 | 3136.0 |
G#7 | 84 | 104 | 3322.4 |
A7 | 85 | 105 | 3520.0 |
A#7 | 86 | 106 | 3729.3 |
B7 | 87 | 107 | 3951.1 |
C8 | 88 | 108 | 4186.0 |
C#8 | 109 | 4434.9 | |
D8 | 110 | 4698.6 | |
D#8 | 111 | 4978.0 | |
E8 | 112 | 5274.0 | |
F8 | 113 | 5587.6 | |
F#8 | 114 | 5919.9 | |
G8 | 115 | 6271.9 | |
G#8 | 116 | 6644.9 | |
A8 | 117 | 7040.0 | |
A#8 | 118 | 7458.6 | |
B8 | 119 | 7902.1 | |
C9 | 120 | 8372.0 | |
C#9 | 121 | 8869.8 | |
D9 | 122 | 9397.3 | |
D#9 | 123 | 9956.0 | |
E9 | 124 | 10548 | |
F9 | 125 | 11175 | |
F#9 | 126 | 11840 | |
G9 | 127 | 12544 | |
G#9 | 13290 | ||
A9 | 14080 | ||
A#9 | 14917 | ||
B9 | 15804 | ||
C10 | 16744 | ||
C#10 | 17740 | ||
D10 | 18795 | ||
D#10 | 19912 | ||
E10 | 21096 | ||
F10 | 22351 | ||
F#10 | 23680 | ||
G10 | 25088 | ||
G#10 | 26589 | ||
A10 | 28160 | ||
A#10 | 29834 | ||
B10 | 31608 |
Although these are the international concert pitch frequencies, some venues ask musicians to tune slightly higher or lower. Concert Pitch is based on "Middle A"
(A4) being tuned to exactly 440 Hz. To further complicate things,
some instrument documentation occassionally includes inaccurate octave numbering when using Noteoctave references.
Freq = 8.1759 x 1.059463094MidiNote
Midi_note = Piano_note + 20
1.059463094 = 2-12
25.9565 = Frequency for theoretical Piano_note Zero
8.1759 = Frequency for Midi_note Zero
To avoid rounding errors use precise value for 2-12
Musical Mathematics
Freq = 25.9565 x 1.059463094PianoNoteFreq = 8.1759 x 1.059463094MidiNote
Midi_note = Piano_note + 20
1.059463094 = 2-12
25.9565 = Frequency for theoretical Piano_note Zero
8.1759 = Frequency for Midi_note Zero
To avoid rounding errors use precise value for 2-12